The cells of osteoblasts are large and have many nuclei within them. Osteoblasts are the cells that pro-duce bone extracellular matrix and are responsible for its mineralization. Identification of osteoclast and osteoblast gene signatures. Osteocytes are cells that form the bones themselves, osteoblasts are responsible for the formation of new osteocytes, whereas osteoclasts are responsible for the resorption of old bone matter. Thus, between them, the three types of bone cells regulate the formation, sustenance, and decay of bones. Osteoclast: … Cells in osteoclast and osteoblast lineages communicate with each other through cell–cell contact, diffusible paracrine factors and cell–bone matrix interaction. Spongy tissue (also called cancellous or trabecular tissue) forms the inner part of bones. As osteoclast-derived EVs have the potential to regulate osteoclasts and osteoblasts, their application in osteoporosis and other bone metabolic disorders is currently under investigation. Osteoblasts are nonproliferative bone-building cells that originate from osteoblast progenitor cells and aid in the formation of the bone matrix by secreting osteoid, a substance responsible for bone mineralization. Scheme of osteogenic cell, osteoblast, osteocyte. Osteoblasts not only play a central role in bone formation by synthesizing multiple bone matrix proteins, but regulate osteoclast maturation by soluble factors and cognate interaction, resulting in bone resorption. Psoralen (pso) accelerates osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation in vitro.A) Chemical structure of pso.B) Effects of pso on the viability of BMMs at 96 h and 7 d.C) BMMs were stimulated with or without RANKL at different concentrations of pso for 7 d and histochemically stained for TRAP detection.TRAP-positive cells with ≥3 nuclei were considered osteoclasts. 1. Bone homeostasis is dependent on the balance of deposition by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. Bone homeostasis is maintained by a balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. The root combining form for both words is oste/o, which means bone. They arise from the Pre-Lab Quiz. 2. Osteoclasts release … Beside above, what do osteoblasts and osteoclasts do? These cells help in making a protein called osteoid that helps in … khadangnguyen12. Bone tissue is continuously repaired and re-grown through remodeling. The supernatants of osteoclast cultures were pooled and applied for conditioned media experiments. Osteoblasts secrete a hormone called osteocalcin in an inactive form. But beyond that, osteoclasts have other biological effects. In osteoblasts, cells produce large amount of alkaline phosphatase enzyme. Rheumatoid arthritis. osteoclasts and osteoblasts. They also come from osteoblasts. The skeleton is a highly specialized and dynamic organ that undergoes continuous regeneration. The two work together to play an important role in the development and formation of bones. Osteon development and structure. What are the Osteoblast and Osteoclast cells in the body? Bone homeostasis is maintained by a balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Osteoblast Osteoclast Myokine Mitochondria ABSTRACT Myonectin is a myokine, which is involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes and obesity, and various myokines are involved in the interactions between skeletal muscle and bone. Ans. FIGURE 1 shows how the production of osteocalcin At the end of bone formation, osteoblasts become osteocytes. This can take up to 70 days to complete. Osteoblast, osteoclast, and osteocyte. Osteoporosis is divided into primary and secondary osteoporosis. analyzed osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bones of OVX mice through tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining assessment and dynamic bone formation. These cells also control the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts. If a bone breaks, osteoblasts repair the damage, while osteoclasts lend a hand to sculpt and shape the new bone. Osteoblasts work together in the form of clusters and perform their function of building up the bone. This is a dense material with low porosity. ITE 6.0 CERT PRACTICE EXAM 1. There are two types of bone tissue. Osteoblasts form a closely packed sheet on the surface of the bone, from which cellular processes extend through the developing bone. Osteoblasts can produce several soluble factors that serve to modulate the activity or formation of osteoclasts. Modeling is the response to stress placed on bones by changing the structure of bone with the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts to … Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts. Many of the osteoclasts comprise around 5 to 20 nuclei per cell. Microvilli are extended from osteoclasts to the bone surface, forming a brush-like structure at the active sites of bone resorption. The acid phosphatases secreted by the osteoclasts dissolve both collagen, calcium, and phosphorus in the bone. Osteoclasts function in bone resorption, and osteoblasts function in synthesizing new bone, hence these two cell types have opposite effects on bone (Saladin, 2010). However, the effect of combinations of these factors has not been widely studied. Bone tissue mainly consists of bone cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts) and a mineralized extracellular matrix that is primarily made up of collagen fibrils and hydroxyapatite crystals. This article aims to review recent advances in this field, summarizing the underlying … Courtesy: Harry Benjamin Laing MRCS, Ortho M8, FRCS(Tr and Orth) Tutorials. The ongoing balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is responsible for the constant, but subtle, reshaping of bone. Osteoclast maturation requires stimulation by RANKL expressed on osteoblasts, and the cognate interaction is mediated by firm adhesion via ICAM-1. The production of bone (osteogenesis) continues with the balancing between two processes - the secretion of bone matrix, which is carried out by osteoblasts, and bone erosion, carried out by the macrophage-like osteoclasts. Cell structure is comparatively less complicated (contains fewer cell organelles). Specifically, the osteoclast itself may be the source of unidentified, osteoblast-trophic molecules. Under homeostatic circumstances, the amount of resorbed bone matrix by osteoclasts equals the amount of newly synthesised bone matrix by osteoblasts [2], and this process is performed sequentially Bone is the supporting framework of the body. They are responsible for the synthesis and mineralization of bone during both the initial bone formation process and later bone remodeling process. Osteoclast is the cell that dissolves old bone. Osteoclast-osteoblast communication occurs in a basic multicellular unit (BMU) at the initiation, transition and termination phases of bone remodeling. khadangnguyen12. Usually, overproduction of ROS tends to play a negative role in the maintenance of skeletal system, because they stimulate lipids peroxidation of osteoclasts and break down osteoblast-related transport proteins. Existing treatments for osteoporosis have been reported to have serious side effects, such as jawbone … Osteoclast and its Functions. Osteoclasts are also active in cortical bone, which is remodeled on the basis of thin bone channels that harbor osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Osteocytes are the primary mechanical load-sensing cells in the bone, and can regulate osteoblast and osteoclast activity, thus playing a key role in bone remodeling. Osteoblasts form a closely packed sheet on the surface of the bone, from which cellular processes extend through the developing bone. Osteoclasts break down old bone tissue allowing osteoblasts to replace it with new material. Osteoblasts (bottom image on the right) are produced by bone cells and are the bone builders. Generally, osteoporosis is diagnosed by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) and various osteoblast and osteoclast cell markers. a osteoclast. Osteoclasts act upon osteoblast lineage cells throughout their differentiation by facilitating growth factor release from resorbed matrix, producing secreted proteins and microvesicles, and expressing membrane-bound factors. Their cell structure is … Here, we speculated that tumor-derived acidosis causes the osteoblast-osteoclast uncoupling in BM by modulating the pro-osteoclastogenic phenotype of osteoblasts. Ossification, or bone formation, begins with a framework that consists of either mesenchymal connective tissue (intramembranous ossification) or cartilage (endochondral ossification). 1Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Affairs, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201, W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA. Similarities between Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts 1. Besides this physiological situation, osteoclast-mediated bone resorption can be enhanced systemically, leading to increased bone resorption and bone loss as found in postmenopausal osteoporosis. 2 terms. Osteoblasts not only play a central role in bone formation by synthesizing multiple bone matrix proteins, but regulate osteoclast maturation by soluble factors and cognate interaction, resulting in bone resorption. Communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is essential for bone homeostasis, but the mode of interaction is unclear. Once the cluster of osteoblasts finishes its work, the shape of osteoblasts gets flattened. Escape will cancel and close the window. Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA. Osteoblasts are uninucleate. Eventually, this coordination can break down, and the osteoclasts begin to remove more bone than the osteoblasts … The outer layer of a bone is composed of compact or cortical tissue. Bidirectional signaling generated by interaction between ephrinB2 on osteoclasts and EphB4 on osteoblast precursors facilitates the transition. Dietary factors such as phyto-oestrogens and Zn have beneficial effects on osteoblast and osteoclast activity. Osteoblasts are made from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) along with muscle cells (myocytes) and fat cells (adipocytes). The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of Co and Cr ions on human osteoblasts and human osteoclast biology.`Materials and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been used as a source of osteoclast precursors whilst SaOS-2 cells have been used as osteoblasts. MC. Among the three types of bone cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts are two types that are important in bone remodeling. (You may also see oss/i or osse/o all of which mean bone.) Removal of bone is the task of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts … Once the skeleton has reached maturity, regeneration continues in the form of a periodic replacement of old bone with new at the same location (1). Bone consists of four types of cells: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and osteoprogenitor (or osteogenic) cells. For osteoblast culture, littermates were used in each experiment. Osteoblasts synthesize and secrete a collagen matrix and calcium salts. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes are the main cells of the bone. Thus, to fully address this imbalance, therapies should reduce bone resorption and promote bone formation. Related Posts. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANK-L) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) are two such molecules which can promote osteoclastogenesis and stimulate bone resorption. Like Peanut Butter? Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are types of cells the human body uses to repair broken bones. For osteoclast culture, cells were isolated from 1 mouse and replated on materials in each experiment. Broken bones are painful, but the majority heal very well. OSTEOCYTES are cells inside the bone. The alternative concept that osteoblast recruitment to sites of bone remodeling is mediated by the osteoclast is longer-standing yet suffers from a paucity of mechanistic insights . Resistin is a hormone from adipose tissue, regulator of inflammation, autoimmune processes, obesity and insulin resistance. 81 terms. Osteoblast-osteoclast interactions Therehavebeensuggestions that cell contactoralternatively, soluble productsreleased bythe osteoblast, mayberequired for osteoblast-induced osteoclastic stimulation to take place. When osteoclast-inducing cytokines are used to convert macrophages to osteoclasts, very large cells that may reach 100 µm in diameter occur. Osteoblasts make bone in response to growth factors and mechanical stress on the bone. Osteoblasts are single cells that operate in groups while osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that comprise about 200 nuclei per cell. Highly expressed tartrate resistant acid phosphatase and cathepsin K are the main markers of osteoclasts. Marrow is located in these pores. -Bone remodeling is performed by both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. 3. The imbalance between the functioning of osteoclast and osteoblast cells leads to osteoporosis. Bone metabolism is a dynamic process that balances bone formation and bone resorption. Menopausal osteoporosis is a disease associated with aging and hormonal changes due to menopause causing abnormal activation of osteoclasts, resulting in a decrease in bone density. Check out Joey's Spreads: http://bit.ly/3a5nyxuThank you for watching! Thus, osteoclasts and osteoblasts are key players during bone turnover, and their actions are tightly intertwined during this process. General Science ( Asvab test) 28 terms. Osteoblast and osteoclast are the two main cells participating in those progresses (Matsuo and Irie, 2008). Osteoclasts are cells that break down old bone cells to make way for osteoblasts to stimulate new bone growth. There are two kinds of bone cells namely osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which plays an important role in forming new bone. Osteoblast, large cell responsible for the synthesis and mineralization of bone during both initial bone formation and later bone remodeling. In doing so, cement lines are created to mark the borders between old and new bone matrix. Post Views: 671. Osteoclasts make and secrete digestive enzymes that break up or dissolve the bone tissue. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide salt (MTT) assay.Cell viability was tested using … To understand the bone defect, we characterized osteoclast and osteoblast activity in the GHS compared with SD rats. Osteoclasts are also important for cortical development: if osteoclast-mediated invasion and destruction of the cartilage model is defective, cortical bone development is delayed. The cells of osteoblasts are small and have only one nucleus. Bone remodeling. Medical visualization of stem cells . Osteoclast, large multinucleated cell responsible for the dissolution and absorption of bone.Bone is a dynamic tissue that is continuously being broken down and restructured in response to such influences as structural stress and the body’s requirement for calcium.The osteoclasts are the mediators of the continuous destruction of bone. Unlike osteoblasts, Key Points. The skeleton is an essential part of the vertebrate body. PurposeBone remodeling is affected by mechanical stimulation. Learning Outcomes. Osteoblasts also have endocrine activity through secretion of osteocalcin, which regulates fat and energy metabolism. This dynamic process is responsible for the continuous remodeling of bone tissue and is crucial for maintenance of bone size, shape, and integrity. However, very few reviews of osteoclast-derived EVs in bone remodeling regulation have yet been published. Stimulation of osteoclast formation and activation are controlled by osteoblasts/stromal cells, and the latter cell type is the target cell for all stimulators of bone resorption, including PTH. central to this process is the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway. To understand the bone defect, we characterized osteoclast and osteoblast activity in the GHS compared with SD rats. Osteoblasts, lining the surface of bone, secrete collagen and the organic matrix of bone (osteoid), which becomes calcified soon after it has been deposited. As they become trapped in the organic matrix, they become osteocytes. An osteoclast is a large multinucleated cell and human osteoclasts on bone typically have five nuclei and are 150–200 µm in diameter. There is ample cross-talk between osteo-blasts and osteoclasts, which synergistically advance and retreat during fracture healing (16). Osteoblasts are small mononucleated cells that form new bones while osteoclasts are Osteoblast: Osteoblasts are involved in the formation and mineralization of bones. 125 terms. Bone marrow cells were isolated from femurs of GHS and SD rats and cultured to optimize differentiation into osteoclasts or osteoblasts. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts (also known as bone-forming cells) correspond functionally. Thus, between them, the three types of bone cells regulate the formation, sustenance, and decay of bones. Role. Osteogenic cells differentiate and develop into osteoblasts which, in turn, are responsible for forming new bones. Osteoclasts, derived from hematopoietic precursors, are responsible for bone resorption, whereas osteoblasts, from mesenchymal cells, are responsible for bone formation (see … Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are two types of bone cells. They come from bone marrows. Moreover, they are found on the surface of the bones. Also, both involve in the bone remodeling. What is the Difference Between Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts? Osteoblast/osteoclast Differentiation of Stem Cells and Their Developmental Cross-Talk. During the past few years, emerging evidence has pinpointed a critical role for endocytic and secretory pathways in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function. osteoblasts. Cells are comparatively large. Learn from Amgen about the basics of bone biology, including the role and functions of the cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue (osteoclasts), building new bone (osteoblasts) and the musculoskeletal system. A mature osteoblast is known as osteocyte. Multinucleated osteoclasts eat away or resorb bone tissue in a process called osteolysis. khadangnguyen12. bone resorption. We therefore examined the effects of myonectin on mouse osteoblast and osteoclast … The authors use intravital two-photon microscopy in … 11 … Osteoblast-osteoclast communications are essential for fine-tuning of bone remodeling during bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts are responsible for aged bone resorption and osteoblasts are responsible for new bone formation (Matsuoka et al., 2014). THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH... Appendicular Skeleton . khadangnguyen12. It's made of a network of solid bone enclosing many pores. Osteoblasts also have endocrine activity through secretion of osteocalcin, which regulates fat and energy metabolism. Osteoblasts are single nuclei cells that operate in groups to form bone. Can bone repair itself? Osteoclasts and osteoblasts can coordinate well for most of your life. determine the effect of omeprazole on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, various concentrations of omeprazole (0.1, 1, 2 and 4 μg/ml) were added to the culture medium at the time of osteoblast or osteoclast differentiation. performed by active osteoclast… Bone tissue is continuously remodeled through the concerted actions of bone cells, which include bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts, whereas osteocytes act as mechanosensors and orchestrators of the bone remodeling process. bone formation. The cell culture medium was changed every 2 or 3 days. performed by stimulating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts. Bone homeostasis is maintained by osteoclasts that absorb bone and osteoblasts that form bone tissue. Osteoclasts assist in the breakdown of bones. OTHER SETS BY THIS CREATOR. Coupled signaling between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts is crucial to the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Osteoblast, Osteocytes and Osteoclast. The active form of osteocalcin binds to a receptor on beta (β) cells in the pancreas, stimulating them to release insulin. Osteoclast function … 71 Downloads; Part of the Current Molecular Medicine book series (CMM, volume 1) Abstract. Osteoblasts are surrounded by the growing bone matrix and as the material calcifies, the cell is trapped in a space referred to as lacuna. M. ZAIDI ANDOTHERS Role ofosteoblasts Theosteoblast is the primary target cell in hormonal activation ofthe osteoclast. Recent identification of oestrogen receptors in both bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts has opened up exciting new areas of research on the direct effects of oestrogen on both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Together, these cells facilitate bone mending and bone growth. Osteoblast is the cell that forms a new bone. Osteoblasts therefore control the thickness and maturation of cortical bone even during early development. Osteocalcin is a protein. Counteracting the osteoblast activity are osteoclasts - the bone reabsorbing cells. Osteoclasts have positive and negative regulatory effects on osteoblast function , and the formation, differentiation, and maturation of osteoclasts are regulated by various solubility factors released by osteoblasts . Osteogenesis continued: osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts not only play a central role in bone formation by synthesizing multiple bone matrix proteins, but regulate osteoclast maturation by soluble factors and cognate interaction, resulting in bone resorption. Bone is a connective tissue, composed of a solid extracellular matrix and cells, including bone turnover and remodeling of osteoclasts and osteoblasts di erentiated from MC3T3-E1 cells upon exposure to glucose. Osteoblasts, another type of bone cell, produce new bone matrix in … They are not isolated, however, because they send out … The SMAD proteins are homologs of both the Drosophila protein, mothers against decapentaplegic (MAD [12]) and theCaenorhabditis elegans protein SMA (from gene sma for small body size [13]). Osteoblast-osteoclast communications are essential for fine-tuning of bone remodeling during bone homeostasis. The osteoblast entails the formation and mineralization of bones while the osteoclast involves bone breakdown and resorption. The cells responsible for new bone formation are osteoblasts. Osteoblasts are derived from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells. The endosomal membrane provides a platform to integrate bone tropic signals of hormones and growth … Osteoblasts and osteoclasts, two major bone cells responsible for bone remodeling and homeostasis, are no exceptions. A recent report, using cell culture, demonstrated that both osteoblast-expressed and osteoclast-expressed sFRP4 regulate osteoclastogenesis, and the increased endocortical resorption in sFRP4-deficient mice was caused by noncanonical Wnt/Ror2/Jnk signalling activation in osteoclasts . Osteoblasts have receptors for insulin. Reversal - Over time, osteoblasts begin to replace osteoclasts at the site of bone turnover. The resorption and formation is … Bone marrow cells were isolated from femurs of GHS and SD rats and cultured to optimize differentiation into osteoclasts or osteoblasts. Vector illustration bone cell types diagram. osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. As people get older, their production of osteoblasts decreases. There is conflicting evidence for the presence of Osteoblast-Osteoclast activity. Both cell types have been cultured in the presence of Co2+ or Cr3+ ions. Osteoblasts are the cells that produce bone extracellular matrix and are responsible for its mineralization. Bone MSCs are a multipotent and self-renewing cell type within the bone marrow that can give rise to various cell lineages, including osteoblasts and adipocytes. Cells are comparatively smaller. This is why older people tend to have more brittle bones which are at risk of fracture, and why it takes longer for them to heal after breaks, because they have fewer cells to rebuild the damaged bone. Selvalakshmi Rathinavelu,1 Crissy Guidry-Elizondo,1 and Jameela Banu 1,2. The name is a portmanteau of the two. asvab october 2018. McSheehy & Chambers (1986a) first identified a soluble osteoclast resorption- stimulatory activity, ORSA,in osteoblast supernatants. Osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, play a pivotal role in skeletal development and adult bone remodeling. Q. Osteocytes maintain bone tissue. Molecular Modulation of Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts in Type 2 Diabetes. Osteoblast and Osteoclast Markers. inhibition of osteoclast or osteoblast differentiation has been reported to delay the secondary remodeling in bone healing (13–15). Some of the osteoblasts turn into osteocytes while the new bone is being formed, and the osteocytes then get surrounded by new bone. 2. During bone remodeling, bone resorption by osteoclasts is followed by bone formation by osteoblasts 1. Osteogenic cells are the only bone cells that divide. Studies have shown that a decrease in estrogen levels in post-menopausal women is the primary cause of this reduction in bone density (Girasole 1992; Menolagas, 2002). Osteoclasts are also part of bone modeling, removing old and damaged bone to make way for the growth of new, younger bone. They also participate in the pathogenesis of various bone disorders. Formation - Osteoblasts begin to lay down new lamellar bone on top of old bone. This process is called remodeling. With regard to osteoblast, ROS cascades, at normal level, facilitate osteoblast adhesion by producing energy in the mitochondrion, but high levels of ROS promote osteoblast apoptosis. (1) Osteoblasts and osteoclasts have direct contacts through the interactions between EFNB2-EPHB4, FAS-FASL and NRP1-SEMA3A to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are both necessary for healthy bones, but it is the osteoclasts that enable bones to change once formed. Further, bone mass during exercise is also regulated by Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Two general theories of osteoclast regulation of the osteoblast present themselves. However, roles of myonectin in bone have still remained unknown. The process of bone breakdown and mineral uptake by the osteoclasts is known as resorption: The main function of osteoclasts is reabsorbing the bone. It is thought that osteoblasts possess specific surface receptors for parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), and nuclear receptors for 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Brown, 1991). With respect to osteoclasts status, we not only observed that GMSC treatment resulted in a lower number of TRAP+ osteoclasts in vivo compared to untreated controls but also that the PDF treatment group (Figure 1D) and … Osteoblast and osteoclast activity is disrupted in post-menopausal osteoporosis. Osteoclast Materials and Methods 2.1. (1) Osteoblasts and osteoclasts have direct contacts through the interactions between EFNB2-EPHB4, FAS-FASL and NRP1-SEMA3A … At the initiation phase, hematopoietic precursors are recruited to the BMU. Authors; Authors and affiliations; Stavros C. Manolagas; Chapter. Each cell type has a unique function and is found in different locations in bones. The osteoblast, the bone cell responsible for forming new bone, is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and endosteum. Osteoblasts assist in the formation of bone. By contrast, NF-κB signaling potently antagonizes osteoblast differentiation and function, prompting us to speculate that NF-κB antagonists may represent a novel class of dual anti-catabolic and pro-anabolic agents. Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, and Osteoclasts Osteocytes are cells that form the bones themselves, osteoblasts are responsible for the formation of new osteocytes, whereas osteoclasts are responsible for the resorption of old bone matter. These multiple mechanisms mediate the coupling of bone formation to resorption in remodeling. These specialized proteins activate another type of cells called osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are specialized, multinucleated cells that play a vital role in bone development and regeneration. Chemicals Fetal bovine serum (FBS), trypsin–ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and penicillin–streptomycin wereobtainedfromBioWhittaker(SanDiego, CA,USA).3-(4,5-Dimetylthiazol-yl)-diphenyltetrazolium … The main function of osteoblasts is bone formation and maintaining bone tissue integrity and shape. Bone is remodeled and modeled by the concerted activities of 3 cell types—osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Courtesy; Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA The bone has two important cells… Structure of the Osteoclast.